Summary: These systems are so new, and the concern so new, that the history is very limited. Below are some projects that have been installed. For more information, keep up to date on our news section.
- The Sleipner project, started in 1996, is located in the North Sea, where Norway's StatoilHydro stips CO2 from natural gas with amine solvents and disposes of this CO2 in a deep saline aquifer. Since 1996, Sleipner has stored about one million metric tons of CO2 a year. StatoilHydro has a second project in the Snohvit gas field in the Barents Sea that stores 700,000 metric tons of CO2 a year.
- The Wyburn project, started in 2000 in Saskatchewan, Canada, is the world's largest CCS project. The CO2 for this project is captured at the Great Plains Coal Gasification plant in Beulah, North Dakota, which has produced methane from coal for more than 30 years. The CO2 is also used for enhanced oil recovery, injecting about 1.5 million metric tons per year.
- In Salah, located in Algeria, is the site of another natural gas reservoir that is re-injected into the ground at a rate of 1.2 million metric tons a year.
- The Alberta Saline Aquifer Project (ASAP) is a consortium of 34 companies that are developing a pilot site for commercial scale CCS in a saline aquifer, which will initially store 1,000 metric tons a day in 2010, rising to 10,000 metric tons a day in 2015.
- The Integrated CO2 Network (ICO2N) is another Canadian initiative for capturing, transporting, and storage of CO2.
- In October 2007, the University of Texas at Austin received a 10-year subcontract to conduct the first intensively monitored, long term project in the US studying the feasibility of injecting a large volume of CO2 for underground storage. The targeted area is the Tuscaloosa-Woodbine geologic system, which has the potential to store decades of US emissions. Check on the progress of this, called the Southeast Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership
- In the US, utility company Luminant's pilot program at its Big Brown Steam Electric Station in Fairfield, Texas converts carbon from smokestacks into baking soda.
- GreenFuel Technologies Corp. is piloting and implementing algae based carbon capture.
- In the American Clean Coal Fuels is developing a 30,000 Barrel Per Day Biomass and Coal to Liquids project in Oakland, Il, which will market the CO2 for Enhanced Oil Recovery applications by 2012. Baard Energy is doing a similar project in the Ohio River Clean Fuels project that will be 53,000 BPD. Rentech is developing an almost 30,000 BPD system in Mississippi and DKRW is developing a 15,000-20,000 BPD system in Wyoming by 2013.
- In Germany, the area of Schwarze Pumpe has a 30 megawatt CCS plant that removes 240 metric tons of CO2 a day, which are trucked 210 miles where it will be injected into an empty gas field.
- The Carbon Capture and Sequestration Technologies Program at MIT conducts research into technologies to capture, utilize, and store CO2 from large point sources.
- The Big Sky Carbon Sequestration Partnership (BSCSP) is one of NETL's seven regional carbon sequestration partnerships. In 2003, Montana State University was awarded one of the US DOE's Phase I regional carbon sequestration partnerships.
- Starting in 2008, large-volume sequestration tests are being funded by the DOE to demonstrate the potential to store hundreds of years of CO2 emissions.
- In the US, approximately 840 million metric tons are stored in forests, urban trees, and agricultural soils.